%0 Journal Article %J Global Environmental Change %D 2020 %T {A framework for nitrogen futures in the shared socioeconomic pathways} %A Kanter, David R %A Winiwarter, Wilfried %A Bodirsky, Benjamin %A Bouwman, Lex %A Boyer, Elizabeth %A Buckle, Simon %A Compton, Jana %A Dalgaard, Tommy %A wim de Vries %A Leclère, David %A Leip, Adrian %A Muller, Christoph %A Popp, Alexander %A Raghuram, Nandula %A Rao, Shilpa %A Sutton, Mark A. %A Tian, Hanqin %A Westhoek, Henk %A Zhang, Xin %A Zurek, Monika %K corresponding author %K s %B Global Environmental Change %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Nature Food %D 2020 %T {Nitrogen pollution policy beyond the farm} %A Kanter, David R %A Bartolini, Fabio %A Kugelberg, Susanna %A Leip, Adrian %A Oenema, Oene %A Uwizeye, Aimable %X Nitrogen is a crucial input to food production and yet its oversupply in many parts of the world contributes to a number of environmental problems. Most policies dedicated to reducing agricultural nitrogen pollution focus on changing farmer behaviour. However, farm-level policies are challenging to implement and farmers are just one of several actors in the agri-food chain. The activities of other actors — from fertilizer manufacturers to wastewater treatment companies — can also impact nitrogen losses at the farm level and beyond. Consequently, policymakers have a broader range of policy options than traditionally thought to address nitrogen pollution from field to fork. Inspired by the concept of full-chain nitrogen use efficiency, this Perspective introduces the major actors common in agri-food chains from a nitrogen standpoint, identifies nitrogen policies that could be targeted towards them and proposes several new criteria to guide ex-ante analysis of the feasibility and design of different policy interventions. Sustainably feeding ten billion people by 2050 will require fundamental changes in the global food system — a broad portfolio of policy options and a framework for how to select them is essential. %B Nature Food %V 1 %P 27–32 %8 jan %G eng %U https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-019-0001-5 http://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-019-0001-5 %R 10.1038/s43016-019-0001-5