@article {63,
	title = {Nitrogen budget of Lago Maggiore: the relative importance of atmospheric deposition and catchment sources},
	journal = {J. Limnol.},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {27-40},
	abstract = {Hydrological and chemical data of 1996 and 1997 are used to evaluate the relative contributions of atmospheric deposition and
urban/industrial wastewaters to the nitrogen budget of Lago Maggiore. The atmospheric load of nitrogen was about 80\% of the total
input to the lake, with negligible variations in dry (1997) and wet (1996) years. A comparison of the two study years with the yearly
N budgets evaluated from 1978 to 1998, showed that the N load was higher with increasing amounts of precipitation/water inflow.
Soils and vegetation act as N sinks; the \% retention varies between 40-60\% for the forested catchments with low population density
in the central-northern part of the basin, to values close to zero or even negative in the south, indicating a net leaching from the
soils. The Traaen \& Stoddard (1995) approach revealed that all the catchments of the major inflowing rivers were oversaturated
with nitrogen. The long-term trend of nitrogen concentrations in Lago Maggiore (1955-99) is analogous to the trend for atmospheric
deposition (1975-99), which is related to emissions of nitrogen oxides and ammonia in the atmosphere. The relationships between
the present N load and in-lake concentrations are discussed using a budget model, which is also used to infer the pristine load of N.
The close relationships between N trends in lakes Maggiore, Como and Iseo, and the geographical and anthropogenic features common
to their catchments, suggest that the results obtained for Lago Maggiore can be extended to a wider area.},
	keywords = {atmospheric deposition, catchment, Lago Maggiore, nitrogen budget, river water},
	author = {Mosello, R. , Calderoni A. , Marchetto A. , Brizzio M. C. , Rogora M. , Passera S. , Tartari. G. A.}
}
@article {Sutton2011a,
	title = {{Too much of a good thing.}},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {472},
	number = {7342},
	year = {2011},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {159{\textendash}61},
	keywords = {agriculture, Agriculture: economics, Animals, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Diet, Environmental Pollution, Environmental Pollution: adverse effects, Environmental Pollution: analysis, Environmental Pollution: economics, Environmental Pollution: statistics {\&} numerical da, Fertilizers, Fertilizers: analysis, Food Supply, Fossil Fuels, Humans, International Cooperation, Meat, Meat: utilization, nitrogen, Nitrogen Fixation, Nitrogen: adverse effects, Nitrogen: analysis, Nitrogen: economics, Nitrogen: metabolism, Reactive Nitrogen Species, Reactive Nitrogen Species: adverse effects, Reactive Nitrogen Species: analysis, Reactive Nitrogen Species: chemistry, Reactive Nitrogen Species: metabolism},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {10.1038/472159a},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21478874},
	author = {Sutton, Mark A. and Oenema, Oene and Erisman, Jan Willem and Leip, Adrian and van Grinsven, Hans and Winiwarter, Wilfried}
}
@article {Westhoek2014,
	title = {{Food choices, health and environment: Effects of cutting Europe{\textquoteright}s meat and dairy intake}},
	journal = {Global Environmental Change},
	volume = {26},
	number = {1},
	year = {2014},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {196{\textendash}205},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	abstract = {Western diets are characterised by a high intake of meat, dairy products and eggs, causing an intake of saturated fat and red meat in quantities that exceed dietary recommendations. The associated livestock production requires large areas of land and lead to high nitrogen and greenhouse gas emission levels. Although several studies have examined the potential impact of dietary changes on greenhouse gas emissions and land use, those on health, the agricultural system and other environmental aspects (such as nitrogen emissions) have only been studied to a limited extent. By using biophysical models and methods, we examined the large-scale consequences in the European Union of replacing 25-50{\%} of animal-derived foods with plant-based foods on a dietary energy basis, assuming corresponding changes in production. We tested the effects of these alternative diets and found that halving the consumption of meat, dairy products and eggs in the European Union would achieve a 40{\%} reduction in nitrogen emissions, 25-40{\%} reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and 23{\%} per capita less use of cropland for food production. In addition, the dietary changes would also lower health risks. The European Union would become a net exporter of cereals, while the use of soymeal would be reduced by 75{\%}. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the food system would increase from the current 18{\%} to between 41{\%} and 47{\%}, depending on choices made regarding land use. As agriculture is the major source of nitrogen pollution, this is expected to result in a significant improvement in both air and water quality in the EU. The resulting 40{\%} reduction in the intake of saturated fat would lead to a reduction in cardiovascular mortality. These diet-led changes in food production patterns would have a large economic impact on livestock farmers and associated supply-chain actors, such as the feed industry and meat-processing sector. {\textcopyright} 2014 The Authors.},
	keywords = {Dietary change, Greenhouse gas emissions, Human diet, Land use, Livestock, Reactive nitrogen},
	issn = {09593780},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.02.004},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.02.004 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0959378014000338},
	author = {Westhoek, Henk and Lesschen, J.P. Jan Peter and Rood, Trudy and Wagner, Susanne and De Marco, Alessandra and Murphy-bokern, Donal and Leip, Adrian and van Grinsven, Hans and Sutton, Mark A. and Oenema, Oene}
}
