@article {70,
	title = {Ammonia emission from field applied manure and its reduction{\textemdash}invited paper},
	journal = {European Journal of Agronomy},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {1-15},
	abstract = {Emissions of ammonia to the atmosphere are considered a threat to the environment and both United Nation treaty and European Union legislation increasingly limit emissions. Livestock farming is the major source of atmospheric NH3 in Europe and field applied manure contributes significantly to the emission of NH3 from
agriculture. This paper presents a review of studies of NH3 emission from field-applied animal manure and of the methods available for its reduction. It is shown that there is a complex relationship between the NH3 emission rate from slurry and the slurry composition, soil conditions and climate. It is concluded that simple empirical models cannot be used to predict ammonia emission from the wide range of circumstances found in European agriculture and
that a more mechanistic approach is required. NH3 emission from applied solid manure and poultry manure has been studied less intensively than slurry but appear to be controlled by similar mechanisms. The use of trail hoses, pre- or post-application cultivation, reduction in slurry viscosity, choice of application rate and timing and slurry injection were considered as reduction techniques. The most effective methods of reducing ammonia emissions were concluded to be incorporation of the animal slurry and farmyard manure or slurry injection. Incorporation should be as close to the application as possible, especially after slurry application, as loss rates are high in the 1st hours after application. Injection is a very efficient reduction technique, provided the slurry is applied at rates that can be contained in the furrows made by the injector tine.},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Sommer, S. G, Hutchings, N. J}
}
@article {73,
	title = {A detailed ammonia emission inventory for Denmark},
	journal = {Atmospheric Environment},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2001},
	abstract = {This paper describes the method used to create an ammonia inventory for Denmark and presents the emission factors used and their justi"cation. The total Danish emission for 1996 was 92,700 t NH4-N, with agriculture accounting for nearly 99\%. Emissions from animal manure accounted for 76\% of agricultural emissions. We conclude that there will be a continued demand for inventories based on emission factors, despite their lack of physical and chemical realism, but that they will become more complex. This will place increased demands on the statistical information available and on the knowledge of the underlying science.},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Hutchings, N. J and Sommer, S. G and Andersen, J. M and Asman, W. A. H}
}
@article {75,
	title = {Processes controlling ammonia emission from livestock slurry in the field},
	journal = {European Journal of Agronomy},
	volume = {19},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {465-486},
	abstract = {The processes of NH3 emission from field-applied slurry are reviewed and their relative importance assessed. In achieving this objective, the study served to focus on a number of features that have not previously been highlighted. These include the effect of the size of the area to which slurry is applied, the interaction between solar radiation input and wind speed, the role of the solid chemistry and the interaction between slurry NH4 and the slurry/soil cation exchange capacity (CEC). The most important processes controlling NH3 volatilisation were considered to be turbulent and molecular diffusion in the atmosphere, meteorological processes controlling evaporation and surface temperature, the ion production and buffering processes controlling the pH of the slurry/soil liquid, the solid chemistry that
determines precipitation of NH4  to slurry dry matter, the physical processes controlling the movement of slurry liquid into and within the soil, and the interaction of slurry liquid with soil CEC.},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Sommer, S. G and Genermont, S and Cellier, P and Hutchings, N. J and Olesen, J. E, Morvan, T}
}
@article {64,
	title = {AMMONIA EMISSION FROM MINERAL},
	journal = {Advances in Agronomy},
	volume = {82},
	year = {2004},
	abstract = {A thorough understanding of the physical and chemical processes involved
in NH3 emission from inorganic N fertilizers and fertilized crops is required
if reliable and operational NH3 emission factors and decision support systems
for inorganic fertilizers are to be developed, taking into account the actual
soil properties, climatic conditions and management factors. For this reason,
the present review focuses on processes involved in NH3 volatilization from
inorganic nitrogen fertilizers and the exchange of ammonia between crop
foliage and the atmosphere.
The proportion of nitrogen lost from N fertilizers due to NH3 volatilization
may range from <0 to .50\%, depending on fertilizer type, environmental
conditions (temperature, wind speed, rain), and soil properties (calcium
content, cation exchange capacity, acidity). The risk for high NH3 losses may
be reduced by proper management strategies including, e.g., incorporation of
the fertilizer into the soil, use of acidic fertilizers on calcareous soils, use of
fertilizers with a high content of carbonate-precipitating cations, split
applications to rice paddies or application to the soil surface beneath the
crop canopy. The latter takes advantage of the relatively low wind speed
within well-developed canopies, reducing the rate of vertical NH3 transport
and increasing foliar NH3 absorption. Conversely, NH3 is emitted from
the leaves when the internal NH3 concentration is higher than that in the
ambient atmosphere as may often be the case, particularly during periods
with rapid N absorption by the roots or during senescence induced
N-remobilization from leaves. Between 1 and 4\% of shoot N may be lost
in this way. },
	author = {Sommer, S. G and Schjoerring, Jan K. and Denmead,  O. T}
}
@article {71,
	title = {A whole-farm assessment of the efficacy of slurry acidification in reducing ammonia emissions},
	journal = {European Journal of Agronomy},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {148-154},
	abstract = {Livestock slurry in animal houses, in manure stores and applied on fields is in Denmark the most important source of ammonia (NH3) in the atmosphere. The emitted NH3 is a source of NH3 and ammonium (NH4 +) deposition, which causes eutrophication of N-deficient ecosystems and may form NH4 +-based particles in the air, which are a risk to health. This study examines the reductions in NH3 emissions from pig houses, manure stores and manure applied in the field achieved by acidifying the slurry in-house. Sulphuric acid was used to acidify pig slurry to pH < 6 and the system was constructed is such a way as to prevent foaming in the animal house as well as during storage. Acidification of the pig slurry reduced the NH3 emission from pig houses by 70\% compared with standard techniques. Acidification reduced NH3 emission from stored slurry to less than 10\% of the emission from untreated slurry, and the NH3 emission from applied slurry was reduced by 67\%. The mineral fertilizer equivalent (MFE) of acidified slurry was 43\% higher compared with the MFE of untreated slurry when applied to the soil. The odour emission from the slurry was not affected significantly by the treatment. The slurry acidification system is approved Best Available Technology (BAT) in Denmark.},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Kai, P and Pedersen, P and jensen, J. E and Hansen, M. N and Sommer, S. G}
}
@article {78,
	title = {Ammonia in the environment: From ancient times to the present},
	journal = {Environmental Pollution},
	volume = {156},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {583-604},
	abstract = {Recent research on atmospheric ammonia has made good progress in quantifying sources/sinks and
environmental impacts. This paper reviews the achievements and places them in their historical context.
It considers the role of ammonia in the development of agricultural science and air chemistry, showing
how these arose out of foundations in 18th century chemistry and medieval alchemy, and then identifies
the original environmental sources from which the ancients obtained ammonia. Ammonia is revealed as
a compound of key human interest through the centuries, with a central role played by sal ammoniac in
alchemy and the emergence of modern science. The review highlights how recent environmental
research has emphasized volatilization sources of ammonia. Conversely, the historical records emphasize
the role of high-temperature sources, including dung burning, coal burning, naturally burning coal seams
and volcanoes. Present estimates of ammonia emissions from these sources are based on few
measurements, which should be a future priority.},
	keywords = {Air chemistry, Alchemy, Deposition, Emissions, EPNB, NH3 sal ammoniac, Nushadir},
	author = {Mark A. Sutton and Jan Willem Erisman and Frank Dentener and Detlev M{\"o}ller}
}
@article {74,
	title = {A simple model for assessing ammonia emission from ammoniacal fertilisers as affected by pH and injection into soil},
	journal = {Atmospheric Environment},
	volume = {42},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {4656-4664},
	abstract = {Ammonia (NH3) volatilisation following the application of ammoniacal fertilisers and liquid manure to agricultural land is a significant source of atmospheric NH3, which not only poses a risk to the environment, but may also result in a loss of plant available nitrogen (N). This study examined the potential for reducing NH3 emission through acidifying an ammoniacal solution and by injecting the solution. The combination of the two technologies was studied and a model for predicting the most optimal treatment was developed. In the laboratory, ammonium (NH4 +) hydroxide (aqueous NH3) was dissolved in water (pH 11) and injected into a loamy sand soil. The NH3 emission was measured with a dynamic chamber technology. Injecting the solution to 10mm below the soil surface reduced NH3 emission by 10\% compared to surface application, and injection to 30mm reduced emission by 20\% compared to surface application. Acidifying the ammoniacal solution by adding sulphuric acid and reducing pH to 10 reduced the emission by 60\% at a 10mm injection depth and 90\% at 30mm compared with non-acidified and surface-spread ammoniacal solution. The results show that there is an important interaction of pH and injection depth and that there is a need for models predicting a combined effect. This type of model could contribute to reduce cost and energy (traction force) by providing the optimal combination of acidifying and injection depth that gives a specific reduction in NH3 emission, which in this study was reducing pH to 10 and inject the fertiliser to 30mm below surface. This study showed that relatively simple models can predict the NH3 emission from injected ammoniacal fertilisers, but that there is still a need for developing algorithms that predict the effect of pH, including the pH buffering capacity of the fertiliser and the soil.},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Nyord, T and Schelde, K. M and Sogaard, K. T and Jensen, L. S and Sommer, S. G}
}
@article {72,
	title = {Validation of model calculation of ammonia deposition in the neighbourhood of a poultry farm using measured NH3 concentrations and N deposition},
	journal = {Atmospheric Anvironment},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2008},
	abstract = {Substantial emission of ammonia (NH3) from animal houses and the related high local deposition of NH3- N are a threat to semi-natural nitrogen-deficient ecosystems situated near the NH3 source. In Denmark, there are regulations limiting the level of NH3 emission from livestock houses near N-deficient ecosystems that are likely to change due to nitrogen (N) enrichment caused by NH3 deposition. The models used for assessing NH3 emission from livestock production, therefore, need to be precise, as the regulation will affect both the nature of the ecosystem and the economy of the farmer. Therefore a study was carried out with the objective of validating the Danish model used to monitor NH3 transport, dispersion and deposition from and in the neighbourhood of a chicken farm. In the study we measured NH3 emission with standard flux measuring methods, NH3 concentrations at increasing distances from the chicken houses using passive diffusion samplers and deposition using 15N-enriched biomonitors and field plot studies. The dispersion and deposition of NH3 were modelled using the Danish OML-DEP
model. It was also shown that model calculations clearly reflect the measured NH3 concentration and N deposition. Deposition of N measured by biomonitors clearly reflected the variation in NH3 concentrations and showed that deposition was not significantly different from zero (P < 0.05) at distances greater
than 150{\textendash}200 m from these chicken houses. Calculations confirmed this, as calculated N deposition 320 m away from the chicken farm was only marginally affected by the NH3 emission from the farm. There was agreement between calculated and measured deposition showing that the model gives true estimates of the deposition in the neighbourhood of a livestock house emitting NH3},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Sommer, S. G and Ostergard, H. S and Lofstrom, P and Andersen, H. V and Jensen, L. S}
}
@inbook {Leip2011d,
	title = {{Integrating nitrogen fluxes at the European scale}},
	booktitle = {European Nitrogen Assessment},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {345{\textendash}376},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	organization = {Cambridge University Press},
	chapter = {16},
	address = {Cambridge, UK},
	keywords = {mypublications},
	url = {http://www.nine-esf.org/ENA-Book},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Achermann, Beat and Billen, Gilles and Bleeker, Albert and Bouwman, Alexander F and De Vries, Wim and Dragosits, Ulli and D{\"o}ring, Ulrike and Fernall, Dave and Geupel, Markus and Heldstab, J{\"u}rg and Johnes, Penny and Le Gall, Anne Christine and Monni, Suvi and Neve{\v c}e{\v r}al, Rostislav and Orlandini, Lorenzo and Prud{\textquoteright}homme, Michel and Reuter, Hannes I and Simpson, David and Seufert, G{\"u}nther and Spranger, Till and Sutton, Mark A. and van Aardenne, John and Vo{\ss}, Maren and Winiwarter, Wilfried},
	editor = {Sutton, Mark and Howard, Clare and Erisman, Jan Willem and Billen, Gilles and Bleeker, Albert and van Grinsven, Hans and Grennfelt, Peringe and Grizzetti, Bruna}
}
@article {Sutton2011a,
	title = {{Too much of a good thing.}},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {472},
	number = {7342},
	year = {2011},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {159{\textendash}61},
	keywords = {agriculture, Agriculture: economics, Animals, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Diet, Environmental Pollution, Environmental Pollution: adverse effects, Environmental Pollution: analysis, Environmental Pollution: economics, Environmental Pollution: statistics {\&} numerical da, Fertilizers, Fertilizers: analysis, Food Supply, Fossil Fuels, Humans, International Cooperation, Meat, Meat: utilization, nitrogen, Nitrogen Fixation, Nitrogen: adverse effects, Nitrogen: analysis, Nitrogen: economics, Nitrogen: metabolism, Reactive Nitrogen Species, Reactive Nitrogen Species: adverse effects, Reactive Nitrogen Species: analysis, Reactive Nitrogen Species: chemistry, Reactive Nitrogen Species: metabolism},
	issn = {1476-4687},
	doi = {10.1038/472159a},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21478874},
	author = {Sutton, Mark A. and Oenema, Oene and Erisman, Jan Willem and Leip, Adrian and van Grinsven, Hans and Winiwarter, Wilfried}
}
@article {Westhoek2014,
	title = {{Food choices, health and environment: Effects of cutting Europe{\textquoteright}s meat and dairy intake}},
	journal = {Global Environmental Change},
	volume = {26},
	number = {1},
	year = {2014},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {196{\textendash}205},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	abstract = {Western diets are characterised by a high intake of meat, dairy products and eggs, causing an intake of saturated fat and red meat in quantities that exceed dietary recommendations. The associated livestock production requires large areas of land and lead to high nitrogen and greenhouse gas emission levels. Although several studies have examined the potential impact of dietary changes on greenhouse gas emissions and land use, those on health, the agricultural system and other environmental aspects (such as nitrogen emissions) have only been studied to a limited extent. By using biophysical models and methods, we examined the large-scale consequences in the European Union of replacing 25-50{\%} of animal-derived foods with plant-based foods on a dietary energy basis, assuming corresponding changes in production. We tested the effects of these alternative diets and found that halving the consumption of meat, dairy products and eggs in the European Union would achieve a 40{\%} reduction in nitrogen emissions, 25-40{\%} reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and 23{\%} per capita less use of cropland for food production. In addition, the dietary changes would also lower health risks. The European Union would become a net exporter of cereals, while the use of soymeal would be reduced by 75{\%}. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the food system would increase from the current 18{\%} to between 41{\%} and 47{\%}, depending on choices made regarding land use. As agriculture is the major source of nitrogen pollution, this is expected to result in a significant improvement in both air and water quality in the EU. The resulting 40{\%} reduction in the intake of saturated fat would lead to a reduction in cardiovascular mortality. These diet-led changes in food production patterns would have a large economic impact on livestock farmers and associated supply-chain actors, such as the feed industry and meat-processing sector. {\textcopyright} 2014 The Authors.},
	keywords = {Dietary change, Greenhouse gas emissions, Human diet, Land use, Livestock, Reactive nitrogen},
	issn = {09593780},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.02.004},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.02.004 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0959378014000338},
	author = {Westhoek, Henk and Lesschen, J.P. Jan Peter and Rood, Trudy and Wagner, Susanne and De Marco, Alessandra and Murphy-bokern, Donal and Leip, Adrian and van Grinsven, Hans and Sutton, Mark A. and Oenema, Oene}
}
@article {Leip2015a,
	title = {{Impacts of European livestock production: nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and greenhouse gas emissions, land-use, water eutrophication and biodiversity}},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	volume = {10},
	number = {11},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {115004},
	publisher = {IOP Publishing},
	abstract = {Livestock production systems currently occupy around28{\%}of the land surface of the European Union (equivalent to65{\%}of the agricultural land). Inconjunction with otherhumanactivities, livestock production systems affect water, air and soil quality, global climate and biodiversity, altering the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon. Here,we quantify the contribution of European livestock production to these major impacts. For each environmental effect, the contribution of livestock is expressed as shares of the emitted compounds and land used, as compared to the whole agricultural sector. The results show that the livestock sector contributes significantly to agricultural environmental impacts. This contribution is78{\%}for terrestrial biodiversity loss,80{\%}for soil acidification and air pollution (ammoniaand nitrogen oxides emissions),81{\%}for global warming, and73{\%}for water pollution (bothNandP). The agriculture sector itself is one of the major contributors to these environmental impacts, ranging between12{\%}for global warming and59{\%}for Nwater quality impact. Significant progress in mitigating these environmental impacts in Europe will only be possible through a combination of technological measures reducing livestock emissions, improved food choices and reduced food waste of European citizens. Introduction},
	keywords = {air quality, biodiversity loss, Climate Change, coastal eutrophication, European Union, livestock production, soil acidification},
	isbn = {1748-9318},
	issn = {1748-9326},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/115004},
	url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/10/i=11/a=115004?key=crossref.b8ce885804d5c860e008c03ed18e7ab8 https://zenodo.org/record/58514{\#}.WLQb4zsrKXr},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Billen, Gilles and Garnier, Josette and Grizzetti, Bruna and Lassaletta, Luis and Reis, Stefan and Simpson, David and Sutton, Mark A. and De Vries, Wim and Weiss, Franz and Westhoek, Henk}
}
@book {Westhoek2015,
	title = {{Nitrogen on the Table: The influence of food choices on nitrogen emissions and the European environment. (European Nitrogen Assessment Special Report on Nitrogen and Food.)}},
	number = {April},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {1{\textendash}5},
	publisher = {Centre for Ecology {\&} Hydrology},
	organization = {Centre for Ecology {\&} Hydrology},
	address = {Edinburgh, UK},
	isbn = {9781906698515},
	url = {https://www.clrtap-tfrn.org/sites/clrtap-tfrn.org/files/documents/Nitrogen_on_the_Table_Report_WEB.pdf},
	author = {Westhoek, Henk and Lesschen, J.P. Jan Peter and Leip, Adrian and Rood, Trudy and Wagner, Susanne and De Marco, A. and Murphy-bokern, Donal and Palli{\`e}re, C. and Howard, Clare M and Oenema, Oene and Sutton, Mark A. and Marco, De}
}
@article {Hutton2017,
	title = {{Toward a nitrogen footprint calculator for Tanzania}},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	volume = {12},
	number = {3},
	year = {2017},
	abstract = {{\textcopyright} 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd.We present the first nitrogen footprint model for a developing country: Tanzania. Nitrogen (N) is a crucial element for agriculture and human nutrition, but in excess it can cause serious environmental damage. The Sub-Saharan African nation of Tanzania faces a two-sided nitrogen problem: while there is not enough soil nitrogen to produce adequate food, excess nitrogen that escapes into the environment causes a cascade of ecological and human health problems. To identify, quantify, and contribute to solving these problems, this paper presents a nitrogen footprint tool for Tanzania. This nitrogen footprint tool is a concept originally designed for the United States of America (USA) and other developed countries. It uses personal resource consumption data to calculate a per-capita nitrogen footprint. The Tanzania N footprint tool is a version adapted to reflect the low-input, integrated agricultural system of Tanzania. This is reflected by calculating two sets of virtual N factors to describe N losses during food production: one for fertilized farms and one for unfertilized farms. Soil mining factors are also calculated for the first time to address the amount of N removed from the soil to produce food. The average per-capita nitrogen footprint of Tanzania is 10 kg N yr-1. 88{\%} of this footprint is due to food consumption and production, while only 12{\%} of the footprint is due to energy use. Although 91{\%} of farms in Tanzania are unfertilized, the large contribution of fertilized farms to N losses causes unfertilized farms to make up just 83{\%} of the food production N footprint. In a developing country like Tanzania, the main audiences for the N footprint tool are community leaders, planners, and developers who can impact decision-making and use the calculator to plan positive changes for nitrogen sustainability in the developing world.},
	keywords = {nitrogen, nitrogen footprint, Sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania},
	issn = {17489326},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/aa5c42},
	author = {Hutton, M.O. and Leach, Allison M. and Leip, Adrian and Galloway, James N. and Bekunda, M. and Sullivan, C. and Lesschen, J.P.}
}
@article {Zurek2018,
	title = {{Assessing Sustainable Food and Nutrition Security of the EU Food System {\textemdash} An Integrated Approach}},
	journal = {Sustainability},
	volume = {10},
	number = {11},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {4271},
	doi = {10.3390/su10114271},
	author = {Zurek, Monika and Hebinck, Aniek and Leip, Adrian and Vervoort, Joost and Kuiper, Marijke and Garrone, Maria and Havlik, Petr and Heckelei, Thomas and Hornborg, Sara and Ingram, John and Kuijsten, Anneleen and Shutes, Lindsay and Geleijnse, Johanna M and Terluin, Ida and van{\textquoteright}t Veer, Pieter and Wijnands, Jo and Zimmermann, Andrea and Achterbosch, Thom J. and Havl, Petr}
}
@article {Parodi2018a,
	title = {{The potential of future foods for sustainable and healthy diets}},
	journal = {Nature Sustainability},
	volume = {1},
	number = {12},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {782{\textendash}789},
	publisher = {Springer US},
	abstract = {Altering diets is increasingly acknowledged as an important solution to feed the world{\textquoteright}s growing population within the planetary boundaries. In our search for a planet-friendly diet, the main focus has been on eating more plant-source foods, and eating no or less animal-source foods, while the potential of future foods, such as insects, seaweed or cultured meat has been underexplored. Here we show that compared to current animal-source foods, future foods have major environmental benefits while safeguarding the intake of essential micronutrients. The complete array of essential nutrients in the mixture of future foods makes them good-quality alternatives for current animal-source foods compared to plant-source foods. Moreover, future foods are land-efficient alternatives for animal-source foods, and if produced with renewable energy, they also offer greenhouse gas benefits. Further research on nutrient bioavailability and digestibility, food safety, production costs and consumer acceptance will determine their role as main food sources in future diets.},
	issn = {23989629},
	doi = {10.1038/s41893-018-0189-7},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41893-018-0189-7 http://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-018-0189-7},
	author = {Parodi, Alejandro and Leip, Adrian and De Boer, I. J.M. M. and Slegers, P. M. and Ziegler, F. and Temme, E. H.M. M. and Herrero, M. and Tuomisto, Hanna L. and Valin, H. and Van Middelaar, C. E. and Van Loon, J. J.A. A. and van Zanten, Hannah H. E.}
}
@article {Vanham2019a,
	title = {{Environmental footprint family to address local to planetary sustainability and deliver on the SDGs}},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {693},
	number = {June},
	year = {2019},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {133642},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V},
	abstract = {The number of publications on environmental footprint indicators has been growing rapidly, but with limited efforts to integrate different footprints into a coherent framework. Such integration is important for comprehensive understanding of environmental issues, policy formulation and assessment of trade-offs between different environmental concerns. Here, we systematize published footprint studies and define a family of footprints that can be used for the assessment of environmental sustainability. We identify overlaps between different footprints and analyse how they relate to the nine planetary boundaries and visualize the crucial information they provide for local and planetary sustainability. In addition, we assess how the footprint family delivers on measuring progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), considering its ability to quantify environmental pressures along the supply chain and relating them to the water-energy-food-ecosystem (WEFE) nexus and ecosystem services. We argue that the footprint family is a flexible framework where particular members can be included or excluded according to the context or area of concern. Our paper is based upon a recent workshop bringing together global leading experts on existing environmental footprint indicators.},
	keywords = {Environmental footprint, Environmental footprint assessment, Family, Footprint, Footprint family, Planetary boundaries},
	issn = {00489697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133642},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969719335673 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133642},
	author = {Vanham, Davy and Leip, Adrian and Galli, Alessandro and Kastner, Thomas and Bruckner, Martin and Uwizeye, Aimable and van Dijk, Kimo and Ercin, Ertug and Dalin, Carole and Brand{\~a}o, Miguel and Bastianoni, Simone and Fang, Kai and Leach, Allison M. and Chapagain, Ashok and Van der Velde, Marijn and Sala, Serenella and Pant, Rana and Mancini, Lucia and Monforti-Ferrario, Fabio and Carmona-Garcia, Gema and Marques, Alexandra and Weiss, Franz and Hoekstra, Arjen Y.}
}
@article {AdrianLeip,
	title = {{The value of manure - manure as co-product in life cycle assessment}},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
	volume = {241},
	number = {March},
	year = {2019},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {293{\textendash}304},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	keywords = {Allocation, Fertilizer, Life cycle assessment, Livestock supply chains, Manure, Nutrients},
	issn = {03014797},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.059},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0301479719303627},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Ledgart, Stewart and Uwizeye, Aimable and Palhares, Julio C.P. and Aller, Fernanda and Amon, Barbara and Binder, Michael and Cordovil, Claudia M.d.S. and Dong, Hongming and Fusi, Alessandra and Helin, Janne and H{\"o}rtenhuber, Stefan and Hristov, Alexander N. and Koelsch, Richard and Liu, Chunjiang and Masso, Cargele and Nkongolo, Nsalambi V. and Patra, Amlan K. and Redding, Matthew R. and Rufino, Mariana C. and Sakrabani, Ruben and Thoma, Greg and Vert{\`e}s, Fran{\c c}oise and Wang, Ying and Ledgard, Stewart and Uwizeye, Aimable and Palhares, Julio C.P. and Aller, M. Fernanda and Amon, Barbara and Binder, Michael and Cordovil, Claudia M.d.S. and De Camillis, Camillo and Dong, Hongming and Fusi, Alessandra and Helin, Janne and H{\"o}rtenhuber, Stefan and Hristov, Alexander N. and Koelsch, Richard and Liu, Chunjiang and Masso, Cargele and Nkongolo, Nsalambi V. and Patra, Amlan K. and Redding, Matthew R. and Rufino, Mariana C. and Sakrabani, Ruben and Thoma, Greg and Vert{\`e}s, Fran{\c c}oise and Wang, Ying}
}
@article {Kanter2020,
	title = {{A framework for nitrogen futures in the shared socioeconomic pathways}},
	journal = {Global Environmental Change},
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {corresponding author, s},
	author = {Kanter, David R and Winiwarter, Wilfried and Bodirsky, Benjamin and Bouwman, Lex and Boyer, Elizabeth and Buckle, Simon and Compton, Jana and Dalgaard, Tommy and wim de Vries and Lecl{\`e}re, David and Leip, Adrian and Muller, Christoph and Popp, Alexander and Raghuram, Nandula and Rao, Shilpa and Sutton, Mark A. and Tian, Hanqin and Westhoek, Henk and Zhang, Xin and Zurek, Monika}
}
@article {Uwizeye2020,
	title = {{Nitrogen emissions along global livestock supply chains}},
	journal = {Nature Food},
	year = {2020},
	month = {jul},
	issn = {2662-1355},
	doi = {10.1038/s43016-020-0113-y},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-020-0113-y https://github.com/uaimable/Global{\_}Nitrogen{\_}assessment},
	author = {Uwizeye, Aimable and de Boer, Imke J. M. and Opio, Carolyn I and Schulte, Rogier P O and Falcucci, Alessandra and Tempio, Giuseppe and Teillard, F{\'e}lix and Casu, Flavia and Rulli, Monica and Galloway, James N and Leip, Adrian and Erisman, Jan Willem and Robinson, Timothy P and Steinfeld, Henning and Gerber, Pierre J}
}
@article {Sanz-cobena,
	title = {{Research meetings must be more sustainable}},
	journal = {Nature Food},
	volume = {1},
	number = {4},
	year = {2020},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {187{\textendash}189},
	issn = {2662-1355},
	doi = {10.1038/s43016-020-0065-2},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-020-0065-2},
	author = {Sanz-Cobena, Alberto and Alessandrini, Roberta and Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon and Springmann, Marco and Aguilera, Eduardo and Amon, Barbara and Bartolini, Fabio and Geupel, Markus and Grizzetti, Bruna and Kugelberg, Susanna and Latka, Catharina and Liang, Xia and Milford, Anna Birgitte and Musinguzi, Patrick and Ng, Ee Ling and Suter, Helen and Leip, Adrian}
}
@article {Carlo,
	title = {{Sustainable food protein supply reconciling human and ecosystem health: A Leibniz Position}},
	journal = {Global Food Security},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2020},
	month = {jun},
	pages = {100367},
	keywords = {corresponding author, s},
	issn = {22119124},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100367},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211912420300201},
	author = {Weindl, Isabelle and Ost, Mario and Wiedmer, Petra and Schreiner, Monika and Neugart, Susanne and Klopsch, Rebecca and K{\"u}hnhold, Holger and Kloas, Werner and Henkel, Ina M. and Schl{\"u}ter, Oliver and Bu{\ss}ler, Sara and Bellingrath-Kimura, Sonoko D. and Ma, Hua and Grune, Tilman and Rolinski, Susanne and Klaus, Susanne}
}
@article {Corrado,
	title = {{Unveiling the potential for an efficient use of nitrogen along the food supply and consumption chain}},
	journal = {Global Food Security},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2020},
	month = {jun},
	pages = {100368},
	issn = {22119124},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100368},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211912420300213},
	author = {Corrado, Sara and Caldeira, Carla and Carmona-Garcia, Gema and K{\"o}rner, Ina and Leip, Adrian and Sala, Serenella}
}
@article {geupel_national_2021,
	title = {A {National} {Nitrogen} {Target} for {Germany}},
	journal = {Sustainability},
	volume = {13},
	number = {3},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {1121},
	abstract = {The anthropogenic nitrogen cycle is characterized by a high complexity. Different reactive nitrogen species (NH3, NH4+, NO, NO2, NO3-, and N2O) are set free by a large variety of anthropogenic activities and cause numerous negative impacts on the environment. The complex nature of the nitrogen cycle hampers public awareness of the nitrogen problem. To overcome this issue and to enhance the sensitivity for policy action, we developed a new, impact-based integrated national target for nitrogen (INTN) for Germany. It is based on six impact indicators, for which we derived the maximum amount of nitrogen losses allowed in each environmental sector to reach related state indicators on a spatial average for Germany. The resulting target sets a limit of nitrogen emissions in Germany of 1053 Gg N yr-1. It could serve as a similar means on the national level as the planetary boundary for reactive nitrogen or the 1.5 {\textopenbullet}C target of the climate community on the global level. Taking related uncertainties into account, the resulting integrated nitrogen target of 1053 Gg N yr-1 suggests a comprehensible INTN of 1000 Gg N yr-1 for Germany. Compared to the current situation, the overall annual loss of reactive nitrogen in Germany would have to be reduced by approximately one-third.},
	issn = {2071-1050},
	doi = {10.3390/su13031121},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/3/1121},
	author = {Geupel, Markus and Heldstab, J{\"u}rg and Sch{\"a}ppi, Bettina and Reutimann, Judith and Bach, Martin and H{\"a}u{\ss}ermann, Uwe and Knoll, Lukas and Klement, Laura and Breuer, Lutz}
}
@article {236,
	title = {Nitrogen Opportunities for Agriculture, Food \& Environment: UNECE Guidance Document on Integrated Sustainable Nitrogen Management},
	year = {2022},
	type = {Natalie},
	isbn = {978-1-906698-78-2},
	author = {Mark Sutton and Clare M. Howard and Kate E. Mason and Will Brownlie and Claudia Cordovil}
}
@article {242,
	title = {Appetite for Change: Food system options for nitrogen, environment \& health. 2nd European Nitrogen Assessment Special Report on Nitrogen \& Food},
	year = {2023},
	institution = {UK Centre for Ecology \& Hydrology},
	address = {Edinburgh},
	isbn = {978-1-906698-83-6},
	issn = {INMS Report 2023/01},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10406450},
	author = {Adrian Leip and Jan Wollgast and Susanna Kugelberg and Jo{\~a}o C Leite and Rob J M Maas and Kate E Mason and Mark A Sutton}
}
@article {69,
	title = {Ammonia emissions from mineral fertylisers and fertylised crops },
	journal = {Advances in Agronomy},
	volume = {82},
	year = {In Press},
	abstract = {A thorough understanding of the physical and chemical processes involved in NH3 emission from inorganic N fertilizers and fertilized crops is required
if reliable and operational NH3 emission factors and decision support systems for inorganic fertilizers are to be developed, taking into account the actual
soil properties, climatic conditions and management factors. For this reason, the present review focuses on processes involved in NH3 volatilization from
inorganic nitrogen fertilizers and the exchange of ammonia between crop foliage and the atmosphere. The proportion of nitrogen lost from N fertilizers due to NH3 volatilization may range from <0 to .50\%, depending on fertilizer type, environmental conditions (temperature, wind speed, rain), and soil properties (calcium
content, cation exchange capacity, acidity). The risk for high NH3 losses may be reduced by proper management strategies including, e.g., incorporation of
the fertilizer into the soil, use of acidic fertilizers on calcareous soils, use of fertilizers with a high content of carbonate-precipitating cations, split
applications to rice paddies or application to the soil surface beneath the crop canopy. The latter takes advantage of the relatively low wind speed
within well-developed canopies, reducing the rate of vertical NH3 transport and increasing foliar NH3 absorption. Conversely, NH3 is emitted from
the leaves when the internal NH3 concentration is higher than that in the ambient atmosphere as may often be the case, particularly during periods
with rapid N absorption by the roots or during senescence induced N-remobilization from leaves. Between 1 and 4\% of shoot N may be lost in this way.},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Sommer, S. G and Schjoerring, J. K and Denmead, O. D}
}
