@article {63,
	title = {Nitrogen budget of Lago Maggiore: the relative importance of atmospheric deposition and catchment sources},
	journal = {J. Limnol.},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {27-40},
	abstract = {Hydrological and chemical data of 1996 and 1997 are used to evaluate the relative contributions of atmospheric deposition and
urban/industrial wastewaters to the nitrogen budget of Lago Maggiore. The atmospheric load of nitrogen was about 80\% of the total
input to the lake, with negligible variations in dry (1997) and wet (1996) years. A comparison of the two study years with the yearly
N budgets evaluated from 1978 to 1998, showed that the N load was higher with increasing amounts of precipitation/water inflow.
Soils and vegetation act as N sinks; the \% retention varies between 40-60\% for the forested catchments with low population density
in the central-northern part of the basin, to values close to zero or even negative in the south, indicating a net leaching from the
soils. The Traaen \& Stoddard (1995) approach revealed that all the catchments of the major inflowing rivers were oversaturated
with nitrogen. The long-term trend of nitrogen concentrations in Lago Maggiore (1955-99) is analogous to the trend for atmospheric
deposition (1975-99), which is related to emissions of nitrogen oxides and ammonia in the atmosphere. The relationships between
the present N load and in-lake concentrations are discussed using a budget model, which is also used to infer the pristine load of N.
The close relationships between N trends in lakes Maggiore, Como and Iseo, and the geographical and anthropogenic features common
to their catchments, suggest that the results obtained for Lago Maggiore can be extended to a wider area.},
	keywords = {atmospheric deposition, catchment, Lago Maggiore, nitrogen budget, river water},
	author = {Mosello, R. , Calderoni A. , Marchetto A. , Brizzio M. C. , Rogora M. , Passera S. , Tartari. G. A.}
}
@article {66,
	title = {Reducing nitrogen surplus from dairy farms. Effects of feeding and management.},
	journal = {Livestock Production Science},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {165-178},
	abstract = {The objective of the present paper is to review the factors which can affect N flow and surplus both at farm and at cow
level in order to point out areas with scope for future improvement. Special attention is given to management factors and
feeding. Besides information from the literature the paper is based on meta-analyses of our own and published results. With
regard to effects of production systems, mainly Danish surveys have been chosen as examples demonstrating the effects
obtained under practical conditions. A positive correlation between stocking rate and N surplus per hectare at farm gate level
is demonstrated, but there is also a considerable variation in N surplus per hectare at a given stocking rate. A number of
factors influencing N surplus and loss have been identified, and their impact on N surplus and production efficiency has been
estimated. N excretion per animal is an important factor for N turnover at farm level. Analysis of herd data indicates that
feeding strategy, breed and milk yield, together with energy conversion and the protein content of the diet, are important
factors explaining N excretion and N efficiency of cows. Reduction of N intake by optimal synchronisation of energy and
protein supply over time, especially in pasture-based systems, is one way of reducing N excretion from cows. Furthermore,
the ideal profile of absorbed amino acids should be identified, and models to estimate amino acid supply to the intestine
should be further improved. The effect of reducing N excretion from cows has to be evaluated at farm level as manure is
used as fertiliser for crop production. Overall, it seems possible to reduce the N surplus through better management and
feeding without reducing production efficiency.},
	keywords = {EPNB},
	author = {Borsting, C. F and Kristensen, T and Misciattelli, L and Hvelplund, T and Weisbjerg, M. R}
}
@article {60,
	title = {Synchronous trends in N-NO3 export from N-saturated river catchments in relation to climate},
	journal = {Biogeochemistry},
	volume = {86},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {251-268},
	abstract = {Long term trends (1978{\textendash}2005) of N{\textendash}NO3 concentrations in river water were investigated for 10 rivers draining forested catchments in Piedmont, North-Western Italy, and Canton Ticino, Switzerland. All the river catchments come into the category of the medium-high stage of N saturation (levels 2{\textendash}3 of the Stoddard{\textquoteright}s classification). The seasonal signal in N{\textendash}NO3 concentrations and its changes in time over the course of the study period was also evaluated. Single trends were analysed for significance and magnitude; statistical techniques for the detection of common trends were then applied to identify a common pattern in the N{\textendash}NO3 time series. Both the increasing NO3 levels and the limited seasonal pattern in recent years indicate an aggrading level of N saturation in time. Synchronous trends of N{\textendash}NO3 export were found for 8 rivers. The main common trend was used to test relationships with: (i) temperature, (ii) precipitation, and (iii) N deposition.
Step-changes in the data series were also assessed, and the main points of change are discussed in relation to meteorological factors and response to the N saturation status. Temperature proved to be the main factor affecting the temporal pattern of N{\textendash}NO3 concentrations: warm periods were usually followed by an N{\textendash}NO3 increase in river water due to enhanced mineralisation and nitrification in soil.},
	keywords = {Climate, Nitrate, Nitrogen saturation, Northern Italy, Trend, Water chemistry},
	author = {Rogora M.}
}
@article {78,
	title = {Ammonia in the environment: From ancient times to the present},
	journal = {Environmental Pollution},
	volume = {156},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {583-604},
	abstract = {Recent research on atmospheric ammonia has made good progress in quantifying sources/sinks and
environmental impacts. This paper reviews the achievements and places them in their historical context.
It considers the role of ammonia in the development of agricultural science and air chemistry, showing
how these arose out of foundations in 18th century chemistry and medieval alchemy, and then identifies
the original environmental sources from which the ancients obtained ammonia. Ammonia is revealed as
a compound of key human interest through the centuries, with a central role played by sal ammoniac in
alchemy and the emergence of modern science. The review highlights how recent environmental
research has emphasized volatilization sources of ammonia. Conversely, the historical records emphasize
the role of high-temperature sources, including dung burning, coal burning, naturally burning coal seams
and volcanoes. Present estimates of ammonia emissions from these sources are based on few
measurements, which should be a future priority.},
	keywords = {Air chemistry, Alchemy, Deposition, Emissions, EPNB, NH3 sal ammoniac, Nushadir},
	author = {Mark A. Sutton and Jan Willem Erisman and Frank Dentener and Detlev M{\"o}ller}
}
@article {Leip2008a,
	title = {{Linking an economic model for European agriculture with a mechanistic model to estimate nitrogen and carbon losses from arable soils in Europe}},
	journal = {Biogeosciences},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {jan},
	pages = {73{\textendash}94},
	abstract = {A comprehensive assessment of policy impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural soils re- quires careful consideration of both socio-economic aspects and the environmental heterogeneity of the landscape. We developed a modelling framework that links the large-scale economic model for agriculture CAPRI (Common Agricul- tural Policy Regional Impact assessment) with the biogeo- chemistry model DNDC (DeNitrification DeComposition) to simulate GHG fluxes, carbon stock changes and the nitrogen budget of agricultural soils in Europe. The framework allows the ex-ante simulation of agricultural or agri-environmental policy impacts on a wide range of environmental problems such as climate change (GHG emissions), air pollution and groundwater pollution. Those environmental impacts can be analyzed in the context of economic and social indicators as calculated by the economic model. The methodology con- sists of four steps: (i) definition of appropriate calculation units that can be considered as homogeneous in terms of eco- nomic behaviour and environmental response; (ii) downscal- ing of regional agricultural statistics and farm management information from a CAPRI simulation run into the spatial calculation units; (iii) designing environmental model sce- narios and model runs; and finally (iv) aggregating results for interpretation. We show the first results of the nitrogen bud- get in croplands in fourteen countries of the European Union and discuss possibilities to improve the detailed assessment of nitrogen and carbon fluxes from European arable soils.},
	isbn = {1726-4170},
	issn = {1726-4189},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-5-73-2008},
	url = {http://www.biogeosciences.net/5/73/2008/},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Marchi, G. and Koeble, R. and Kempen, M. and Britz, Wolfgang and Li, Changsheng}
}
@inbook {Leip2011d,
	title = {{Integrating nitrogen fluxes at the European scale}},
	booktitle = {European Nitrogen Assessment},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {345{\textendash}376},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	organization = {Cambridge University Press},
	chapter = {16},
	address = {Cambridge, UK},
	keywords = {mypublications},
	url = {http://www.nine-esf.org/ENA-Book},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Achermann, Beat and Billen, Gilles and Bleeker, Albert and Bouwman, Alexander F and De Vries, Wim and Dragosits, Ulli and D{\"o}ring, Ulrike and Fernall, Dave and Geupel, Markus and Heldstab, J{\"u}rg and Johnes, Penny and Le Gall, Anne Christine and Monni, Suvi and Neve{\v c}e{\v r}al, Rostislav and Orlandini, Lorenzo and Prud{\textquoteright}homme, Michel and Reuter, Hannes I and Simpson, David and Seufert, G{\"u}nther and Spranger, Till and Sutton, Mark A. and van Aardenne, John and Vo{\ss}, Maren and Winiwarter, Wilfried},
	editor = {Sutton, Mark and Howard, Clare and Erisman, Jan Willem and Billen, Gilles and Bleeker, Albert and van Grinsven, Hans and Grennfelt, Peringe and Grizzetti, Bruna}
}
@article {Westhoek2014,
	title = {{Food choices, health and environment: Effects of cutting Europe{\textquoteright}s meat and dairy intake}},
	journal = {Global Environmental Change},
	volume = {26},
	number = {1},
	year = {2014},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {196{\textendash}205},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	abstract = {Western diets are characterised by a high intake of meat, dairy products and eggs, causing an intake of saturated fat and red meat in quantities that exceed dietary recommendations. The associated livestock production requires large areas of land and lead to high nitrogen and greenhouse gas emission levels. Although several studies have examined the potential impact of dietary changes on greenhouse gas emissions and land use, those on health, the agricultural system and other environmental aspects (such as nitrogen emissions) have only been studied to a limited extent. By using biophysical models and methods, we examined the large-scale consequences in the European Union of replacing 25-50{\%} of animal-derived foods with plant-based foods on a dietary energy basis, assuming corresponding changes in production. We tested the effects of these alternative diets and found that halving the consumption of meat, dairy products and eggs in the European Union would achieve a 40{\%} reduction in nitrogen emissions, 25-40{\%} reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and 23{\%} per capita less use of cropland for food production. In addition, the dietary changes would also lower health risks. The European Union would become a net exporter of cereals, while the use of soymeal would be reduced by 75{\%}. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the food system would increase from the current 18{\%} to between 41{\%} and 47{\%}, depending on choices made regarding land use. As agriculture is the major source of nitrogen pollution, this is expected to result in a significant improvement in both air and water quality in the EU. The resulting 40{\%} reduction in the intake of saturated fat would lead to a reduction in cardiovascular mortality. These diet-led changes in food production patterns would have a large economic impact on livestock farmers and associated supply-chain actors, such as the feed industry and meat-processing sector. {\textcopyright} 2014 The Authors.},
	keywords = {Dietary change, Greenhouse gas emissions, Human diet, Land use, Livestock, Reactive nitrogen},
	issn = {09593780},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.02.004},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.02.004 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0959378014000338},
	author = {Westhoek, Henk and Lesschen, J.P. Jan Peter and Rood, Trudy and Wagner, Susanne and De Marco, Alessandra and Murphy-bokern, Donal and Leip, Adrian and van Grinsven, Hans and Sutton, Mark A. and Oenema, Oene}
}
@article {Leip2014b,
	title = {{Nitrogen-neutrality: a step towards sustainability}},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	volume = {9},
	number = {11},
	year = {2014},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {115001},
	publisher = {IOP Publishing},
	keywords = {Footprint, mypublications, nitrogen},
	issn = {1748-9326},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115001},
	url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/9/i=11/a=115001?key=crossref.e00563c757c6f69d0f81a98a7c54fa9c},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Leach, Allison M. and Musinguzi, Patrick and Tumwesigye, Trust and Olupot, Giregon and Stephen Tenywa, John and Mudiope, Joseph and Hutton, Olivia and Cordovil, Claudia M.d.S. and Bekunda, Mateete and Galloway, James N.}
}
@book {Westhoek2015,
	title = {{Nitrogen on the Table: The influence of food choices on nitrogen emissions and the European environment. (European Nitrogen Assessment Special Report on Nitrogen and Food.)}},
	number = {April},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {1{\textendash}5},
	publisher = {Centre for Ecology {\&} Hydrology},
	organization = {Centre for Ecology {\&} Hydrology},
	address = {Edinburgh, UK},
	isbn = {9781906698515},
	url = {https://www.clrtap-tfrn.org/sites/clrtap-tfrn.org/files/documents/Nitrogen_on_the_Table_Report_WEB.pdf},
	author = {Westhoek, Henk and Lesschen, J.P. Jan Peter and Leip, Adrian and Rood, Trudy and Wagner, Susanne and De Marco, A. and Murphy-bokern, Donal and Palli{\`e}re, C. and Howard, Clare M and Oenema, Oene and Sutton, Mark A. and Marco, De}
}
@article {Vanham2019a,
	title = {{Environmental footprint family to address local to planetary sustainability and deliver on the SDGs}},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {693},
	number = {June},
	year = {2019},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {133642},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V},
	abstract = {The number of publications on environmental footprint indicators has been growing rapidly, but with limited efforts to integrate different footprints into a coherent framework. Such integration is important for comprehensive understanding of environmental issues, policy formulation and assessment of trade-offs between different environmental concerns. Here, we systematize published footprint studies and define a family of footprints that can be used for the assessment of environmental sustainability. We identify overlaps between different footprints and analyse how they relate to the nine planetary boundaries and visualize the crucial information they provide for local and planetary sustainability. In addition, we assess how the footprint family delivers on measuring progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), considering its ability to quantify environmental pressures along the supply chain and relating them to the water-energy-food-ecosystem (WEFE) nexus and ecosystem services. We argue that the footprint family is a flexible framework where particular members can be included or excluded according to the context or area of concern. Our paper is based upon a recent workshop bringing together global leading experts on existing environmental footprint indicators.},
	keywords = {Environmental footprint, Environmental footprint assessment, Family, Footprint, Footprint family, Planetary boundaries},
	issn = {00489697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133642},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969719335673 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133642},
	author = {Vanham, Davy and Leip, Adrian and Galli, Alessandro and Kastner, Thomas and Bruckner, Martin and Uwizeye, Aimable and van Dijk, Kimo and Ercin, Ertug and Dalin, Carole and Brand{\~a}o, Miguel and Bastianoni, Simone and Fang, Kai and Leach, Allison M. and Chapagain, Ashok and Van der Velde, Marijn and Sala, Serenella and Pant, Rana and Mancini, Lucia and Monforti-Ferrario, Fabio and Carmona-Garcia, Gema and Marques, Alexandra and Weiss, Franz and Hoekstra, Arjen Y.}
}
@article {AdrianLeip,
	title = {{The value of manure - manure as co-product in life cycle assessment}},
	journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
	volume = {241},
	number = {March},
	year = {2019},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {293{\textendash}304},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	keywords = {Allocation, Fertilizer, Life cycle assessment, Livestock supply chains, Manure, Nutrients},
	issn = {03014797},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.059},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0301479719303627},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Ledgart, Stewart and Uwizeye, Aimable and Palhares, Julio C.P. and Aller, Fernanda and Amon, Barbara and Binder, Michael and Cordovil, Claudia M.d.S. and Dong, Hongming and Fusi, Alessandra and Helin, Janne and H{\"o}rtenhuber, Stefan and Hristov, Alexander N. and Koelsch, Richard and Liu, Chunjiang and Masso, Cargele and Nkongolo, Nsalambi V. and Patra, Amlan K. and Redding, Matthew R. and Rufino, Mariana C. and Sakrabani, Ruben and Thoma, Greg and Vert{\`e}s, Fran{\c c}oise and Wang, Ying and Ledgard, Stewart and Uwizeye, Aimable and Palhares, Julio C.P. and Aller, M. Fernanda and Amon, Barbara and Binder, Michael and Cordovil, Claudia M.d.S. and De Camillis, Camillo and Dong, Hongming and Fusi, Alessandra and Helin, Janne and H{\"o}rtenhuber, Stefan and Hristov, Alexander N. and Koelsch, Richard and Liu, Chunjiang and Masso, Cargele and Nkongolo, Nsalambi V. and Patra, Amlan K. and Redding, Matthew R. and Rufino, Mariana C. and Sakrabani, Ruben and Thoma, Greg and Vert{\`e}s, Fran{\c c}oise and Wang, Ying}
}
@article {Kanter2020,
	title = {{A framework for nitrogen futures in the shared socioeconomic pathways}},
	journal = {Global Environmental Change},
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {corresponding author, s},
	author = {Kanter, David R and Winiwarter, Wilfried and Bodirsky, Benjamin and Bouwman, Lex and Boyer, Elizabeth and Buckle, Simon and Compton, Jana and Dalgaard, Tommy and wim de Vries and Lecl{\`e}re, David and Leip, Adrian and Muller, Christoph and Popp, Alexander and Raghuram, Nandula and Rao, Shilpa and Sutton, Mark A. and Tian, Hanqin and Westhoek, Henk and Zhang, Xin and Zurek, Monika}
}
@article {Sanz-cobena,
	title = {{Research meetings must be more sustainable}},
	journal = {Nature Food},
	volume = {1},
	number = {4},
	year = {2020},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {187{\textendash}189},
	issn = {2662-1355},
	doi = {10.1038/s43016-020-0065-2},
	url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-020-0065-2},
	author = {Sanz-Cobena, Alberto and Alessandrini, Roberta and Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon and Springmann, Marco and Aguilera, Eduardo and Amon, Barbara and Bartolini, Fabio and Geupel, Markus and Grizzetti, Bruna and Kugelberg, Susanna and Latka, Catharina and Liang, Xia and Milford, Anna Birgitte and Musinguzi, Patrick and Ng, Ee Ling and Suter, Helen and Leip, Adrian}
}
@article {Carlo,
	title = {{Sustainable food protein supply reconciling human and ecosystem health: A Leibniz Position}},
	journal = {Global Food Security},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2020},
	month = {jun},
	pages = {100367},
	keywords = {corresponding author, s},
	issn = {22119124},
	doi = {10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100367},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211912420300201},
	author = {Weindl, Isabelle and Ost, Mario and Wiedmer, Petra and Schreiner, Monika and Neugart, Susanne and Klopsch, Rebecca and K{\"u}hnhold, Holger and Kloas, Werner and Henkel, Ina M. and Schl{\"u}ter, Oliver and Bu{\ss}ler, Sara and Bellingrath-Kimura, Sonoko D. and Ma, Hua and Grune, Tilman and Rolinski, Susanne and Klaus, Susanne}
}
@article {236,
	title = {Nitrogen Opportunities for Agriculture, Food \& Environment: UNECE Guidance Document on Integrated Sustainable Nitrogen Management},
	year = {2022},
	type = {Natalie},
	isbn = {978-1-906698-78-2},
	author = {Mark Sutton and Clare M. Howard and Kate E. Mason and Will Brownlie and Claudia Cordovil}
}
@article {242,
	title = {Appetite for Change: Food system options for nitrogen, environment \& health. 2nd European Nitrogen Assessment Special Report on Nitrogen \& Food},
	year = {2023},
	institution = {UK Centre for Ecology \& Hydrology},
	address = {Edinburgh},
	isbn = {978-1-906698-83-6},
	issn = {INMS Report 2023/01},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10406450},
	author = {Adrian Leip and Jan Wollgast and Susanna Kugelberg and Jo{\~a}o C Leite and Rob J M Maas and Kate E Mason and Mark A Sutton}
}
